The constructivist school and its use in the visual arts and architecture, the constructivist movement, its history and philosophy

The emergence of the constructivist movement:

The non-objective art movement called Constructivism emerged in Russia and Italy in the 1920s. Its artists rejected traditional notions of beauty and pictorialism in favor of geometric abstraction. The two main centers of Constructivism were Wiirzburg, Germany, under the leadership of Max W. Burchkholz, and Vitebsk (today in Belarus), under the leadership of Kazimir Malevich.

The constructivist movement began in Russia after the October Revolution of 1917 and was part of the larger Soviet project to create a new society. Constructivism flourished from approximately 1918 to 1932. During this period, its proponents reached their peak as innovators and theorists. who redefined Russian art and design for decades to come. Artists were thought to be the creators of a new reality and so they were called constructivists. The aim of this concept was to do this within a holistic framework, meaning that every action, regardless of its context or motivation, is a statement about the nature of things.

Pioneers of the constructivist movement:

Constructivism is a modern movement in the fields of architecture, design and visual arts. The term comes from a book called "On Building Houses" by Leonid Sabaneev, published in 1914. Following the teachings of Vladimir Tatlin and Alexander Vesnin, founders of the movement, constructivism sought to create a new world by rejecting old forms. They are known for their geometric and abstract shapes. The work of Vladislav Andrejev is an excellent example of constructivism in sculpture. Constructivism had a major influence on art across the world until the 1920s. With its emphasis on objects, conceptual ideas and visual languages in paintings, collages, films, sculpture and architecture. These works constituted a social program for the builders; Its goal was to improve the lives of workers by providing them with very large color images of the machines they produced.

The Russian avant-garde constructivist art movement flourished just before the emergence of Soviet supremacy. Influenced by industrialization, his goal was to connect with the viewer and inspire a new way of artistic expression, focused on function and the elimination of unnecessary elements. Like many post-World War I movements, constructivism sought to apply the traditions and techniques of the past to today's society, composed of geometric shapes without recognizable subjects.

Characteristics of the constructive movement:

The constructivist art movement flourished in Russia, then spread to Europe and the United States, only to be fully realized in the Soviet Union. An avant-garde movement that rejected the idea of art for art's sake, constructivism was heavily influenced by the writings of Vladimir Lenin and Leon Trotsky, who advocated that art should have a social purpose and be used as a tool to educate workers. . This style emphasized visual abstraction; Geometric shapes such as circles, squares and triangles were used to show solidarity with the proletariat by excluding the expression of individual artists. Constructivism was the first Russian artistic movement. Constructivism is an artistic movement closely associated with revolutionary political and social changes in Russia. He aims for a new world, a world of industrial objects, simple forms and mass production. The artists - Nevelson, Rodchenko, Popova, Stepanova Rau - finding the existing system decaying and corrupted on their large planes, paint artificial landscapes with a realistic dynamo or huge mechanical spiders. They reject what is worn, disjointed and out of fashion. Their colors are simple: black, white and red predominate. The media used are often bundled or ready to use.

Constructivist movement in architecture:

Constructivism was an artistic and architectural philosophy responding to the problem of what was considered "too decorative" art and the lack of functional order in Russian society after the Bolshevik Revolution. The main themes of constructivist architecture include functionalism, mass production, maximum access to sunlight, and maximum use of space. Constructivism has had a major influence on modern art, architecture and industrial design, particularly the Bauhaus school.

The constructivist movement is a reaction against the usual representation of objects in art. He was interested in the physical reality of our worldview and emphasized physical presence as well as surface texture, rather than visual representation and illusion. This diverse collection includes pieces by Alexander Rodchenko, L. Lissitzky, Lyubov Popova and others.

The constructivist art movement was a major artistic trend in Russia from the 1910s to the 1930s. It is primarily a product of Russian futurism, with the difference that while the latter was anti-academic and nihilistic, constructivism had no philosophy specific, but a creative or utilitarian orientation. Artists involved in this movement made their living producing propaganda materials, teaching in workshops, and painting in a constructivist style.

. Constructivism emphasized human-made elements, such as machines and buildings, rather than natural objects or landscapes. It aimed to increase the role of the conscious mind in training. Constructivist artists sought to use unmodified industrial materials, which they considered to be

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