Definition of miniature art, its origins and characteristics, miniature art in Islamic civilization

a definition :

          Miniature is a style of drawing adopted by most civilizations in different eras, from Muslims to European civilization, Asian civilization and others. Its origin and place of formation go back, according to some historians, and something remains incorrect in Chinese civilization and Chinese civilization. the designs, which are the most famous in this type and which still adopt it today in particular.

        Miniature design is a small design based on decoration which is the main factor. The image is often realistic and devoid of perspective or enhancement. These small drawings must be precise and clearly defined.

Meaning of thumbnail:

        The word "miniature" in Arabic means small images, an ornamental design, an ornamental letter, a precise design, engraved or decorated. In these words you will find the meaning and concept of this style, and decoration on a surface, whether engraving, planning, drawing or otherwise, is the simplest definition, and Muslims began to 'to use. This technique is used to decorate religious texts, notably with the gold stamp which prevails in our time, and it is a color whose use is distinguished by the style of the miniature and the color is dominant.

The miniature in Islam:

        The miniature style reached its peak when Iranian artists used and innovated it. They also tended to branch out and establish schools there, notably the Turkish School of Miniature Art and others in the Iranian style, including the Indian School, after the spread. of Islam in India. The Iranian miniature style was based on using their experiences and expertise in The Abbasid school, especially architectural engraving, tried to integrate it with Chinese miniature, while trying to preserve the origins of painting Iranian, its characteristics and traditions. the development and branching into different schools extended over ten centuries, and the Iranians spread it until reaching Turkey and Spain.

       This stylized decoration had a strong influence on Islamic civilization, especially with its penetration into the most important thing for Muslims, namely the Holy Book. Muslims adopted the golden pattern as a means of decorating Quranic verses, and Muslims contributed to the popularity of this type of design with the strength of Muslims of that era and their adoption of this art, whether for architectural decoration , ceramic decoration, or ornamentation. Indeed, one of the oldest miniature images is a miniature of Medina in the house of King Abdul Aziz. , and it is a witness of this era.

Miniature art schools:

 . Herat School

 . Sufi school

. Mughal school

. Contemporary school

   The art of miniature is one of the rare arts to have spread across many schools and to occupy an important place in all civilizations. It also extended to all types of art, from decoration to architecture, ornament and design, and is still strongly present to this day. In fact, Arabs are the best innovators among the most famous painters. In this area, it is the Algerian painter Mohamed Rassam, whose works are collected in several works, including the Islamic serpents of the past, and Mohamed Rassam Algerian. The Google search engine celebrated his birth anniversary, June 24, 1869, by placing his photo on the Google logo, even though the artist died in 1975 under mysterious circumstances.

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